Comparisons of European Canine Hip Grades
The FCI hip dysplasia grading system has five classes ranging from A through to E with A indicatingg no signs of HD and E indicating severe HD. The grades given are based on radiographs of the left and right hips.
A=O
B=1
C=2
D=3
E=4
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
A=O
B=1
C=2
D=3
E=4
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
The hip score is the sum of the points awarded for each of nine radiographic tures of both hip joints.
The British Veterinary Association uses the following criteria to determine hip score:
http://www.bva.co.uk/public/documents/Interpretation-and-_use-of-BVA-KC_Hip-Scores.pdf
Breeding animals
■■ Ensure that all potential parents (both sires and
dams ) are hip scored
■■ Evaluate the hip scores of parents, grandparents,
siblings and previous offspring whenever possible
■■ Consider the score of the worse hip (on a perfectly
symmetrical radiograph) to be more representative
of the dog’s hip status eg a 1/11 would take the 11 score and double it =22
■■ Compare the dog’s total score with the breed
median score (and compare the score of the worse
of the two hips with half of this value) in order to
assess the dog relative to others in the breed
■■ Take the dog’s age at radiography into account
■■ Examine particularly the scores for the first three
parameters (Norberg angle, subluxation, cranial
acetabular edge), as they describe any underlying
hip dysplasia and are usually predictive of
subsequent osteoarthritis
■■ Do not breed from any dog that shows evidence of
osteoarthritis (scores in parameters lower down in
the scoring grid)
■■ Breed only from dogs with low hip scores for the
breed – certainly less than the breed median score
The traditional advice that only
dogs with a total hip score well below the BMS should
be used for breeding is now supported by the advice
that only dogs with scores lower than the breed median
score should be used. In addition, dogs with scores
indicating that osteoarthritis is present (scores of 3 or
more for parameters 3 to 5 and any score in parameters
6 to 9) should not only be excluded from breeding
but also managed in such as way as to minimise
progression of the changes, especially by weight control.
When selecting breeding animals, an individual
dog’s hip score should not be considered in isolation –
consideration of related dogs is vital.
The following table compares the scores recognised by Orthopaedic Foundation for Animals (OFA), Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI), the British Veterinary Association (BVA) and Verein für Deutsche Schäferhunde (SV).
OFA (USA) FCI (Euro) BVA (UK) SV (Germany)
Excellent A-1 0-4 Normal
Good A-2 5-10 Normal
Fair B-1 11-18 Normal
Borderline B-2 19-25 Fast Normal
Mild C 26-35 Noch Zugelassen
Moderate D 36-50 Mittlere
Severe E 51-106 Schwere
The best kennels in Europe breed only with dogs which are A, A-2 or B-1.
B-1 is a combined total of both hips to total between 19-25 (eg a score of 12 in the left hip and 13 in the right hip making a total of 25).
The Aust Vet. Ass. (AVA) scores hips between 0/0 and 53/53 with the lowest score the better. Breeders who have had their dogs hip scored with the AVA grading should breed with dogs with the lowest scores and have their bitches/dogs bred with a bitch/dog which has a lower grade than theirs.
Very few dogs of any breed have perfect 0/0 hips but breeders should aim to breed from scores as close to 0/0 as is possible.
http://www.online-vets.com/hipscore_2.html
Breed Average score Airedale Terrier 13 Alaskan Malamute 11 Belgian Shepherd 9 Bernese Mountain Dog 11 Border Collie 9 Bull Mastiff 23 Cavalier King Charles Spaniel 15 Curly Coated Retriever 11 Doberman 9 German Shepherd Dog 13 Golden Retriever 16 Irish Setter 15 Japanese Akita 11 Labrador Retriever 12 Mastiff 11 Newfoundland 21 Old English Sheep Dog 17 Rhodesian Ridgeback 7 Rottweiler 10 Samoyed 19 Siberian Husky 6 St. Bernard 18 Staffordshire Bull Terrier 12 Weimaraner 10
The British Veterinary Association uses the following criteria to determine hip score:
- Norberg Angle
- Subluxation
- Cranial Acetabular Edge
- Dorsal Acetabular Edge
- Cranial Effective Acetabular Rim
- Acetabular Fossa
- Caudal Acetabular Edge
- Femoral Head/Neck Exostosis
- Femoral Head Recontouring
http://www.bva.co.uk/public/documents/Interpretation-and-_use-of-BVA-KC_Hip-Scores.pdf
Breeding animals
■■ Ensure that all potential parents (both sires and
dams ) are hip scored
■■ Evaluate the hip scores of parents, grandparents,
siblings and previous offspring whenever possible
■■ Consider the score of the worse hip (on a perfectly
symmetrical radiograph) to be more representative
of the dog’s hip status eg a 1/11 would take the 11 score and double it =22
■■ Compare the dog’s total score with the breed
median score (and compare the score of the worse
of the two hips with half of this value) in order to
assess the dog relative to others in the breed
■■ Take the dog’s age at radiography into account
■■ Examine particularly the scores for the first three
parameters (Norberg angle, subluxation, cranial
acetabular edge), as they describe any underlying
hip dysplasia and are usually predictive of
subsequent osteoarthritis
■■ Do not breed from any dog that shows evidence of
osteoarthritis (scores in parameters lower down in
the scoring grid)
■■ Breed only from dogs with low hip scores for the
breed – certainly less than the breed median score
The traditional advice that only
dogs with a total hip score well below the BMS should
be used for breeding is now supported by the advice
that only dogs with scores lower than the breed median
score should be used. In addition, dogs with scores
indicating that osteoarthritis is present (scores of 3 or
more for parameters 3 to 5 and any score in parameters
6 to 9) should not only be excluded from breeding
but also managed in such as way as to minimise
progression of the changes, especially by weight control.
When selecting breeding animals, an individual
dog’s hip score should not be considered in isolation –
consideration of related dogs is vital.
The following table compares the scores recognised by Orthopaedic Foundation for Animals (OFA), Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI), the British Veterinary Association (BVA) and Verein für Deutsche Schäferhunde (SV).
OFA (USA) FCI (Euro) BVA (UK) SV (Germany)
Excellent A-1 0-4 Normal
Good A-2 5-10 Normal
Fair B-1 11-18 Normal
Borderline B-2 19-25 Fast Normal
Mild C 26-35 Noch Zugelassen
Moderate D 36-50 Mittlere
Severe E 51-106 Schwere
The best kennels in Europe breed only with dogs which are A, A-2 or B-1.
B-1 is a combined total of both hips to total between 19-25 (eg a score of 12 in the left hip and 13 in the right hip making a total of 25).
The Aust Vet. Ass. (AVA) scores hips between 0/0 and 53/53 with the lowest score the better. Breeders who have had their dogs hip scored with the AVA grading should breed with dogs with the lowest scores and have their bitches/dogs bred with a bitch/dog which has a lower grade than theirs.
Very few dogs of any breed have perfect 0/0 hips but breeders should aim to breed from scores as close to 0/0 as is possible.
http://www.online-vets.com/hipscore_2.html
Breed Average score Airedale Terrier 13 Alaskan Malamute 11 Belgian Shepherd 9 Bernese Mountain Dog 11 Border Collie 9 Bull Mastiff 23 Cavalier King Charles Spaniel 15 Curly Coated Retriever 11 Doberman 9 German Shepherd Dog 13 Golden Retriever 16 Irish Setter 15 Japanese Akita 11 Labrador Retriever 12 Mastiff 11 Newfoundland 21 Old English Sheep Dog 17 Rhodesian Ridgeback 7 Rottweiler 10 Samoyed 19 Siberian Husky 6 St. Bernard 18 Staffordshire Bull Terrier 12 Weimaraner 10
ANKC Policy re HD
ANKC Survey Results Recently the ANKC conducted a survey to ascertain the opinion of registered German Shepherd Dog owners in relation to Litter Registration Limitations of the breed. The response received has indicated overwhelming support for the following:
Litter Registration Limitations be amended as follows and apply for litters born from 1 June 2011:-
1.1 Both parents of every litter must be screened for Hip Dysplasia through an official Hip Dysplasia Control Scheme. Where the parents have been born after 1.1.10, they must record a score of no more than 12 on either hip, or in the case of imported animals, a grading that is deemed to be acceptable for breeding in their country of origin.
1.2 Both parents of every litter must be screened for Elbow Dysplasia through an official Elbow Dysplasia Control Scheme. Where the parents have been born after the 1.1.10, they must record a grading of Normal, Grade One or Grade Two on both elbows, and be free from the condition of UAP (Ununited Anconeal Process.)
Breeders of litters whelped on or after 1 June 2011, will be required to comply as a prerequisite to registration of any litter on the ANKC Main Register. Dogs must be positively identified by microchip, or tattoo prior to being x-rayed. Litters which do not meet the above requirements will be placed on the Limited Register and will be flagged not to be upgraded.
Dr Karen Hedberg
ANKC Canine Health & Welfare Committee
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
ANKC Survey Results Recently the ANKC conducted a survey to ascertain the opinion of registered German Shepherd Dog owners in relation to Litter Registration Limitations of the breed. The response received has indicated overwhelming support for the following:
Litter Registration Limitations be amended as follows and apply for litters born from 1 June 2011:-
1.1 Both parents of every litter must be screened for Hip Dysplasia through an official Hip Dysplasia Control Scheme. Where the parents have been born after 1.1.10, they must record a score of no more than 12 on either hip, or in the case of imported animals, a grading that is deemed to be acceptable for breeding in their country of origin.
1.2 Both parents of every litter must be screened for Elbow Dysplasia through an official Elbow Dysplasia Control Scheme. Where the parents have been born after the 1.1.10, they must record a grading of Normal, Grade One or Grade Two on both elbows, and be free from the condition of UAP (Ununited Anconeal Process.)
Breeders of litters whelped on or after 1 June 2011, will be required to comply as a prerequisite to registration of any litter on the ANKC Main Register. Dogs must be positively identified by microchip, or tattoo prior to being x-rayed. Litters which do not meet the above requirements will be placed on the Limited Register and will be flagged not to be upgraded.
Dr Karen Hedberg
ANKC Canine Health & Welfare Committee
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Penn-Hip Scores
The DI (which stands for distraction index) of the hip joint is given as a value between 0 and 1, with the closer to 0 the better (i.e. the tighter the hips.)
Each dog is also given a percentile result, which compares it to other dogs of the same breed, i.e. if it's 10th centile, that means it has very poor hips as 90% of dogs of that breed have better, whereas if it scores 90th centile, that means only 10% of that breed have better hips.
Here's the site you want to visit if you're interested in reading more about the method: http://www.pennhip.org/
Below is a site which explains the different methods of hip scoring including Penn-hip.
http://goldendoodles.com/health_hereditary/hd_mini_tutorial.htm
http://www.maremmano.com/chd.htm/ This is another helpful link for understanding HD
................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Each dog is also given a percentile result, which compares it to other dogs of the same breed, i.e. if it's 10th centile, that means it has very poor hips as 90% of dogs of that breed have better, whereas if it scores 90th centile, that means only 10% of that breed have better hips.
Here's the site you want to visit if you're interested in reading more about the method: http://www.pennhip.org/
Below is a site which explains the different methods of hip scoring including Penn-hip.
http://goldendoodles.com/health_hereditary/hd_mini_tutorial.htm
http://www.maremmano.com/chd.htm/ This is another helpful link for understanding HD
................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................